battery Weekly

batteryweekly,give you more flesh news and information

Posts Tagged inspiron b120 battery

Li-ion battery industry ready

Sep 30

Posted by admin in Uncategorized | Comments off

July 1, begin to carry out-new energy automobile manufacturing companies and product access management rules,” which states that “the use of lead-acid battery hybrid passenger cars, pure electric and pure electric passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and the use of metal hydride Nickel-powered hybrid vehicle is classified as mature products. “Prior to the loudest voices were included in the lithium cell vehicle development stage, not a large-scale promotion of the column.

Conducted in Frankfurt, Germany Frankfurt auto show in order to Daimler – Benz, Volkswagen, Toyota car dealer, represented expressed their optimistic about the development of lithium batteries, and a series of Li-ion laptop battery pack equipped with the hybrid to reduce vehicle carbon emissions. Such as the Toyota van in carbon emissions of a mere 60 g / km (average annual emissions from ordinary cars 5000 kilograms).

Then prospects for lithium batteries in the end?

New energy electric car the most important components is the driving force batteries(gd761,kd476), electric motors and energy conversion control system. The new energy vehicles demanding on the battery, you must have a high specific energy, high specific power, fast charging and deep discharge performance, and requires the lowest possible cost, service life as long as possible. Therefore, the power battery is a technical threshold of the highest, is also the most concentrated part of the profits.

Lithium batteries into the fast-growth period

More auto manufacturers choose lithium batteries as a new energy vehicles motive power, industrial output value contains huge potential.

The traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride battery technology itself is relatively mature, but they are used in automotive batteries as a power, there are still major problems. Li-ion battery(VGP-BPS2C,VGP-BPS2A) has a small size, light weight, high voltage (which is nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries 3 times) than the energy of large (up to 165WH / kg, nickel-hydrogen batteries 3 times), cyclic long-lived, self – discharge rate is low, no memory effect, no pollution, safety, and good, therefore, car manufacturers more choices of energy use lithium batteries as a new car battery power.

China’s lithium-ion battery industry began late in Japan, but developing very fast in recent years, especially in the power lithium-ion battery(inspiron e1705 battery,xps m1330 battery) research and development invested a great deal of financial and material resources. China’s automotive lithium-ion battery R & D project has been the national “863″ key project, much of the material to achieve the localization and the introduction of multi-national has been self-built production lines and supporting materials, factories have more than one, have been the formation of large-scale production, intense market competition.

Lithium battery industry as car tremendous value inherent potential of electric vehicles battery materials upstream suppliers and downstream of the car manufacturers have begun to enter the automotive battery business. Li-ion battery is behind the hot car prices on the plug-in hybrids (also known as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) and pure electric vehicle market prospects of the recognition and R & D capabilities of their current concerns.

Such as the United States Ford, Toyota, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Hyundai, France, Courreges, Ventury and other companies have started their own lithium battery Motor Vehicle Program. While the domestic car manufacturer BYD, Geely, Chery, Lifan, ZTE and other car firms also have their own hybrid and pure electric vehicle powered by lithium battery power.

Therefore, from the development cycle, the current automotive lithium battery market is out of the start-up stage and started into rapid growth stage.

Insufficient to resolve the charge and over-discharge phenomena

safety performance and vehicle power battery management system is the bottleneck of the development of lithium batteries.

At present, the downstream enterprises in China BYD, Wanxiang Group, Shenzhen BAK Battery, Tianjin Lishen Battery and the United States Myers joint ventures. At present the only control vehicle lithium ion phosphate battery pack(inspiron b120 battery,inspiron b130 battery) large-scale production technology, BYD Company, has officially launched its self-developed battery-powered pure electric vehicles E6 and hybrid F3DM.
, However, hinder the development of lithium-ion battery power bottlenecks are: safety performance and vehicle power battery management system.

Automobile manufacturers based on the safety of people-oriented concept, the safety of the battery presented a very high demand. As the vehicle power battery voltage is 12V or 24V, single power lithium-ion battery voltage is 3.7V, so must be used by multiple cells in series, but difficult to achieve because of the battery charge and discharge completely homogeneous, resulting in the battery charge will appear Discharge imbalance, which occurs under charging and over-discharge phenomenon, the situation will lead to a sharp deterioration in battery performance, eventually leading to the entire group of cells does not work, or even scrapped, greatly affect battery life and reliability.

Therefore, power lithium-ion battery to get a good application, need materials, batteries, management systems, taking into account the mechanical processing and other aspects. Therefore, the upstream and downstream enterprises should work together to the battery as the core of the material, the management system requests formation of an industry group, would be conducive to technological advances and system costs.

Midstream materials manufacturers continue to realize the localization and improvement of technical

Cathode materials for lithium battery(gd761,kd476) is high barriers to entry, capacity minimum; anode materials for the industrialization of China has been achieved; electrolysis fluid and membrane technology is still dependent on imports.

Lithium battery materials can be divided into electrode (positive / negative) materials, separator and electrolyte. Li-ion battery cathode material is the core of the current lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese, lithium and nickel-cobalt-manganese-based lithium ion phosphate. Ze Yi graphite anode material, solid carbon particle-based; in the middle of positive and negative electrodes while the battery electrolyte and separator.

As high barriers to entry, lithium battery cathode material is the smallest capacity, which is the whole industry chain, the most promising aspect. Cathode materials currently in production companies are: China Baoan, CITIC Anhe Shanshangufen, BYD.

Compared with the cathode materials, anode materials, graphite, solid carbon particle, accounting for the proportion of low-cost lithium batteries(inspiron e1505 battery,inspiron 6000 battery), and the domestic has been achieved industrialization. Currently engaged in lithium battery cathode material production enterprises are the top three Chinese national security, Shanshangufen long shahai capacity. It is worth noting that the current negative electrode materials, while able to basically meet the domestic market demand, but with the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles in future this demand will be a massive shortfall.

Domestic battery manufacturers supporting electrolyte has been basically achieved domestically. The electrolyte lithium hexafluorophosphate main raw materials, accounting for about 50% of the cost of the electrolyte, its production cost is 10 yuan / ton, priced at 40 yuan / ton, gross margin as high as 75%, but the market was largely Kanto Electric the chemical industry, SUTERAKEMI-FA, Morita chemistry, several Japanese companies a monopoly.

Diaphragm materials, the Department of Li-ion technology, the highest barriers to a high value-added material, gross profit margin is usually 70% or more, accounting for the cost of lithium batteries 20 ~ 30%. It is reported that a car need to 1000-2000 m2 membrane. At present, a serious shortage of market supply diaphragm, most dependent on imports, the market dominated by Japanese Asahi Chemical Industry, Tonen Chemical, and the United States Celgard dominate. Domestic companies able to produce membrane only star-source technology, Jinhui High-Tech two technologies are relatively mature.

Upstream resources and technical barriers to seek a breakthrough in

lithium ion phosphate power battery(thinkpad t60 battery) cathode materials, the most promising investment opportunities, but the reserves are limited; simultaneous separation of lithium carbonate in Technology is only a small number of the hands of foreign companies.

Lithium ion phosphate power battery cathode materials, the most promising investment opportunities, the key raw materials, lithium iron phosphate is lithium carbonate, lithium carbonate derived from the mineral resources, in the nature reserves are limited, has a strong regional and scarcity, are scarce resources. Thus, in the new energy automotive industry chain, the strategic importance of lithium carbonate resources become particularly prominent.

At present, the global lithium carbonate industry, the status quo, resource threshold high, capacity is highly concentrated. As of the end of 2007, a major international manufacturers have Chile’s SQM, the United States, FMC and Germany Chemta l l total annual capacity of 78,000 tons, accounting for 80% of global market share. Due to large-scale production enterprise must have reserves of lithium resources are more abundant in salt lake resources, mining rights, making the resources of the industry with higher barriers to entry; the other hand, the vast majority of the world’s resources are high-magnesium salt low lithium type, from the and high-magnesium low lithium brine purification separation of lithium carbonate in the process technology is very difficult, but these techniques only a small number of foreign companies rests in the hands, so the industry is highly technical barriers.

The current domestic production of lithium carbonate enterprises mainly in Tibet, mining, CITIC Guoan, Western Mining Group, Qinghai Salt Lake Group, the four companies, while the Tibetan mining and CITIC Guoan has accounted for the vast majority of , the two companies in 2008 total production of lithium carbonate is not more than 4000 tons.

It is estimated that each new type of electric vehicle needs about 0.08 tons of lithium carbonate, lithium batteries(xps m1330 battery,latitude d830 battery) once the driving force large-scale application of new energy vehicles, only new energy vehicles by 2012 the demand for lithium carbonate will reach 5 million tons. While the domestic prices of industrial-grade lithium carbonate at 4.5 yuan / ton, battery grade lithium carbonate prices by 7 yuan / ton, high purity lithium carbonate price is as high as 10 yuan / ton, the domestic involved in new projects because it is used salt lake brine lithium carbonate extraction, the production cost 10000 ~ 1.5 yuan / tons. Therefore, the market generally felt that the profitability of lithium carbonate products is very high

Tags: , , , , , , ,

How to prolong lithium-based batteries

Sep 9

Posted by admin in battery info | Comments off

Battery research is focusing heavily on lithium chemistries, so much so that one could presume that all portable devices will be powered with lithium-ion batteries in the future. In many ways, lithium-ion is superior to nickel and lead-based chemistries and the applications for lithium-ion laptop batteries are growing as a result.

Lithium-ion has not yet fully matured and is being improved continuously. New metal and chemical combinations are being tried every six months to increase energy density and prolong service life. The improvements in longevity after each change will not be known for a few years.

A lithium-ion battery provides 300-500 discharge/charge cycles. The battery(latitude d830 battery) prefers a partial rather than a full discharge. Frequent full discharges should be avoided when possible. Instead, charge the battery more often or use a larger battery. There is no concern of memory when applying unscheduled charges.

Although lithium-ion is memory-free in terms of performance deterioration, batteries with fuel gauges exhibit what engineers refer to as “digital memory”. Here is the reason: Short discharges with subsequent recharges do not provide the periodic calibration needed to synchronize the fuel gauge with the battery’s state-of-charge. A deliberate full discharge and recharge every 30 charges corrects this problem. Letting the battery run down to the cut-off point in the equipment will do this. If ignored, the fuel gauge will become increasingly less accurate. (Read more in ‘Choosing the right battery for portable computing’, Part Two.)

Aging of lithium-ion is an issue that is often ignored. A lithium-ion battery(sony vgp-bps2c) in use typically lasts between 2-3 years. The capacity loss manifests itself in increased internal resistance caused by oxidation. Eventually, the cell resistance reaches a point where the pack can no longer deliver the stored energy although the vgp-bps2c battery may still have ample charge. For this reason, an aged battery can be kept longer in applications that draw low current as opposed to a function that demands heavy loads. Increasing internal resistance with cycle life and age is typical for cobalt-based lithium-ion, a system that is used for cell phones, cameras and laptops because of high energy density. The lower energy dense manganese-based lithium-ion, also known as spinel, maintains the internal resistance through its life but loses capacity due to chemical decompositions. Spinel is primarily used for power tools.

The speed by which lithium-ion ages is governed by temperature and state-of-charge. Figure 1 illustrates the capacity loss as a function of these two parameters.

Figure 1: Permanent capacity loss of lithium-ion as a function of temperature and charge level.
High charge levels and elevated temperatures hasten permanent capacity loss. Improvements in chemistry have increased the storage performance of lithium-ion batteries(dell latitude d830 battery).

The mentioning of limited service life on lithium-ion has caused concern in the battery industry and I will need to add some clarifications. Let me explain:

If someone asks how long we humans live, we would soon find out that the longevity varies according to life style and living conditions that exist in different countries. Similar conditions exist with the batteries(xps m1330 battery,xps m1730 battery), lithium-ion in particular. Since BatteryUniversity bases its information on the feedback from users as opposed to scientific information derived from a research lab, longevity results may differ from manufacturer’ specifications. Let’s briefly look at the various living conditions of the lithium-ion battery.

The worst condition is keeping a fully charged battery at elevated temperatures, which is the case with running laptop batteries. If used on main power, the battery inside a laptop will only last for 12-18 months. I must hasten to explain that the pack does not die suddenly but begins with reduced run-times.

The voltage level to which the cells are charged also plays an important role to longevity. For safety reasons, most lithium-ion cannot exceed 4.20 volts per cell. While a higher voltage boosts capacity, the disadvantage is lower cycle life. Figure 2 shows the cycle life as a function of charge voltage.

Figure 2: Effects on cycle life at different float charge levels (Choi et al., 2002)
Higher charge voltages boost capacity but lower cycle life.

There are no remedies to restore lithium-ion once worn out. A momentary improvement in performance is noticeable when heating up the battery,dell latitude d830 battery. This lowers the internal resistance momentarily but the condition reverts back to its former state when the temperature drops. Cold temperature will increase the internal resistance.

If possible, store the battery in a cool place at about a 40% state-of-charge. Some reserve charge is needed to keep the battery and its protection circuit operational during prolonged storage. Avoid keeping the battery at full charge and high temperature. This is the case when placing a cell phone or spare battery in a hot car. Running a laptop computer on the mains has a similar temperature problem. While the battery is kept fully charged, the inside temperature during operation rises to 45°C (113°F).

Removing the battery from the laptop when running on fixed power protects the dell d830 battery from heat. With the concern of the battery overheating and causing fire, a spokesperson for the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission advises to eject the battery of affected laptops and to run the machines on a power cord. It should be noted that on a power outage, unsaved works will be lost.
The question is often asked, should the laptop be disconnected from the main when not in use? Under normal circumstances, it should not matter with lithium-ion. Once the battery is fully charged, no further charge is applied. However, there is always the concern is malfunction of the AC adapter, the laptop or the battery.

A large number of lithium-ion batteries for cell phones are being discarded under the warranty return policy. Some failed batteries are sent to service centers or the manufacturer, where they are refurbished. Studies show that 80%-90% of the returned batteries can be repaired and returned to service.

Some lithium-ion batteries fail due to excessive low discharge. If discharged below 2.5 volts per cell, the internal safety circuit opens and the battery appears dead. A charge with the original charger is no longer possible. Some battery analyzers (Cadex) feature a boost function that reactivates the protection circuit of a failed battery and enables a recharge. However, if the cell voltage has fallen below 1.5V/cell and has remained in that state for a few months, a recharge should be avoided because of safety concerns. To prevent failure, never store the latitude d830 battery fully discharged. Apply some charge before storage, and then charge fully before use.

All personal computers (and some other electronic devices) contain a battery for memory back up. This battery is commonly a small non-rechargeable lithium cell, which provides a small current when the device is turned off. The PC uses the battery to retain certain information when the power is off. These are the BIOS settings, current date and time, as well as resource assignment for Plug and Play systems. Storage does shorten the service life of the backup battery to a few years. Some say 1-2 years. By keeping the computer connected to the main, albeit turned off, a battery on the PC motherboards should be good for 5-7 years. A PC should give the advanced warning when battery gets low. A dead back-up battery will wipe out the volatile memory and erase certain settings. After battery is replaced, the PC should again be operational.

Longevity of high-power lithium-ion

Generally speaking, batteries live longer if treated in a gentle manner. High charge voltages, excessive charge rate and extreme load conditions will have a negative effect and shorten the battery life. This also applies to high current rate lithium-ion batteries.

Not only is it better to charge lithium-ion battery at a slower charge rate, high discharge rates also contribute the extra wear and tear. Figure 3 shows the cycle life as a function of charge and discharge rates. Observe the good laboratory performance if the battery is charged and discharged at 1C. (A 0.5C charge and discharge would further improve this rating.)

Figure 3: Longevity of lithium-ion as a function of charge and discharge rates.

A moderate charge and discharge puts less stress on the battery, resulting in a longer cycle life.

Battery experts agree that the life of lithium-ion depends on other factors than charge and discharge rates. Even though incremental improvements can be achieved with careful use of the battery,dell inspiron b120 battery. our environment and the services required are not always conducive to achieve optimal battery life. The longevity of a battery is often a direct result of the environmental stresses applied.

Simple Guidelines

Avoid frequent full discharges because this puts additional strain on the battery. Several partial discharges with frequent recharges are better for lithium-ion than one deep one. Recharging a partially charged lithium-ion does not cause harm because there is no memory. (In this respect, lithium-ion differs from nickel-based inspiron b130 batteries.) Short battery life in a laptop is mainly cause by heat rather than charge / discharge patterns.

Batteries with fuel gauge (laptops) should be calibrated by applying a deliberate full discharge once every 30 charges. Running the pack down in the equipment does this. If ignored, the fuel gauge will become increasingly less accurate and in some cases cut off the device prematurely.

Keep the lithium-ion battery cool. Avoid a hot car. For prolonged storage, keep the battery at a 40% charge level.

Consider removing the battery from a laptop when running on fixed power. (Some laptop manufacturers are concerned about dust and moisture accumulating inside the battery casing.)

Avoid purchasing spare lithium-ion batteries for later use. Observe manufacturing dates. Do not buy old stock, even if sold at clearance prices.

If you have a spare lithium-ion battery, use one to the fullest and keep the other cool by placing it in the refrigerator. Do not freeze the battery. For best results, store the battery at 40% state-of-charge.

Tags: , , ,

A tenfold improvement in battery life

Aug 31

Posted by admin in battery info | Comments off

A tenfold improvement in battery life?

Stanford University researchers have made a discovery that could signal the arrival of laptop batteries that last more than a day on a single charge.

The researchers have found a way to use silicon nanowires to give rechargeable lithium ion batteries–used in laptops, iPods, video cameras, and mobile phones–as much as 10 times more charge. This potentially could give a conventional battery-powered laptop 40 hours of battery life,dell inspiron e1505 battery, rather than 4 hours.

The new batteries were developed by assistant professor Yi Cui and colleagues at Stanford University’s Department of Materials Science and Engineering.

“It’s not a small improvement,” Cui said. “It’s a revolutionary development.”

Citing a research paper they wrote, published in Nature Nanotechnology, Cui said the increased battery capacity was made possible though a new type of anode that utilizes silicon nanowires. Traditional lithium ion batteries(gd761 ,kd476) use graphite as the anode. This limits the amount of lithium–which holds the charge–that can be held in the anode, and it therefore limits battery life.

Silicon anodes have the “the highest theoretical charge capacity” according to Cui’s paper, but they expand when charging and shrink during use: a cycle that causes the silicon to be pulverized, degrading the performance of the battery. For 30 years, this dead end stumped researchers, who poured their battery(inspiron b120 battery,inspiron b130 battery) life-extending energy into improving graphite-based anodes.

Cui and his colleagues looked at this old problem and overcame it by constructing a new type of silicon nanowire anode. In Cui’s anode, the lithium is stored in a forest of tiny silicon nanowires, each with a diameter that is a thousandth of the thickness of a sheet of paper. The nanowires inflate to four times their normal size as they soak up lithium, but unlike previous silicon anodes, they do not fracture.

Cui said there are a few barriers to commercializing the technology.

“We are working on scaling up and evaluating the cost of our technology,” Cui said. “There are no roadblocks for either of these.”

Cui has filed a patent on the technology and is considering formation of a company or an agreement with a battery manufacturer for dell xps m1330 battery. He expects the battery to be commercialized and available within “several years,” pending testing.

Tags: , , , , , ,